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=Electronics Hardware Questions=

     
   

 

Q:There are two counters to 16 built from negedge D- FF . The first circuit is a synchronous one and the second one is a "ripple" (cascading). Which circuit has less delay?
 
 
 
 
A:
 
 

 
1 - is ripple counter;
2 - synchronous.
Both circuits consist of 4 FF, while the synchronous counter also needs some logic to control it's operation.
From diagram 3 (for ripple) and 4 (for synchronous) it is seen that the propagation delay of the ripple counter is 4* t_prop , while the synchronous counter has only 1* t_prop.